Dynamics in Electrostatic Rings via High-Order Transfer Maps
Abstract
Traditionally most large storage rings for nuclear and high energy physics use magnetic particle optical
elements for focusing and bending. However, recent interest in the study of the possible existence of
an electric dipole moment (EDM) of protons, deuterons and others require the use of electrostatic
elements in rings, and would even greatly benefit from the use of purely electrostatic lattices without any
magnetic elements. Indeed the classical Thomas-BMT equation describing the motion of the spin due to
a magnetic dipole moment coupling to magnetic fields can be augmented to analogously also describe the
effects of a possibly present electric dipole moment coupling to electric fields, and the additional term
would lead to detectable effects.
We discuss how to address and resolve various particle optical problems appearing in the simulation of
such lattices. We begin with methods that allow the computation of all aberrations of individual elements
to high orders, typically up to order seven or nine, including the fringe fields of the elements. We also
discuss a problem arising in these rings, namely the possible non-conservation of the particle energies.
K. Makino, M. Berz,
Microscopy and Microanalysis 21 Suppl. 4 (2015) 36
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